Anuario Brasileiro do Cobre | Brazilian Copper Yearbook 2020

2020 Anuário Brasileiro do Cobre Brazilian Copper Yearbook 58 Challenges and solutions for a more sustainable world The main problems faced by aquaculture can be reduced by using copper alloy nets. While improving economy for breeders, this metal also provides a more sustainable fish production. T he growing world demand for protein creates challenges for the food supply. Fish farming may be a protagonist in this scenario, but increasing production must take place without harming the aquatic ecosystem. Another factor to note is climate change. Rising ocean temperatures and changing natural marine habitats interfere with reduced fish stocks in open waters for food. In addition, there is frequent and intense interference from thunderstorms, which also greatly undermine fish farming. Problems in artificial fish farming - The logistics of fish farming space is simple. A controlled environment is needed in which they can grow and then be removed. Conventional compartments are made of synthetic materials such as nylon and/or petroleum based products which are not considered to be the most suitable due to various factors. Synthetic materials are more susceptible to damage, especially in the face of storms, with risks and major economic losses, and disrupting the supply chain. Nor do they offer any protection from predators such as sea lions, seals, sharks and others that can damage and break the enclosure and lead to fish escaping. Other points to consider are that synthetic nets have a lifespan of only three months, require expensive maintenance and energy consumption, are not recyclable and compromise the environment. Enclosures may harbor contaminated fish that may require antibiotics due to the accumulation of organic materials such as microorganisms and plants. With all these problems, the world aquaculture industry leaves large carbon footprints. Copper as a solution for sustainable fish farming - Solutions to the problems faced by aquaculture can be obtained through the use of copper alloy nets, which provide economy and sustainability in fish farming. New copper technologies address the issue of climate change. Copper alloy nets are strong and withstand storms and extreme conditions in the marine environment. Copper alloy nets have a lifespan of approximately five years, reducing energy consumption and maintenance expenses. They also provide a healthier environment for fish, shorter crop cycles, and less carbon-intensive activities. Because it is 100% recyclable, copper represents a reduced carbon footprint. In addition to improving water circulation, copper alloy nets inhibit the proliferation of parasites and pathogens that could infect fish because they keep oxygen levels high. By preventing infection, they reduce the need for antibiotics and chemicals, which means a 15% drop in food costs and a healthier product. These nets also keep the compartment water volumes more stable because they are stronger, more malleable and resistant to intense waves and currents. This prevents predator attacks and fish agglomeration and escape. Because of their durability, they do not need to be cleaned at all times, which lowers maintenance costs. Material degradation over time is very small due to a protective coating. In addition, copper has high corrosion resistance. All of these factors contribute significantly to reducing CO 2 emissions, especially compared to polymer net. SUSTENTABILIDADE SUSTAINABILITY